Surface tension method: CMC is determined by the logarithmic figure of surface tension-concentration. Specific method: Measure the surface tension of a series of surfactant solutions with different concentration, make a gamma-lgc curve, and extend the linear part on both sides of the curve turning point. The concentration of intersection point is the CMC of surfactant in the system. 2) Conductivity method: When determining cmc, the square root of concentration can be plotted by conductivity to concentration or molar conductivity to concentration. The concentration of turning point is cmc. It is limited to the determination of CMC of ionic surfactants. 3) Dye method: first, a small amount of dye was added to the surfactant solution with a higher concentration (>cmc), and the dye was dissolved in micelles, showing a certain color. Then the solution was diluted with water by titration until the color changed significantly. At this time, the concentration of the solution was cmc. 4) Turbidity method: The concentration of the sudden change point of turbidity is CMC of surfactant when the turbidity of surfactant solution with appropriate amount of hydrocarbon is observed. 5) Photodispersive method: CMC can be determined by using the mutation point in the scattered light intensity-solution concentration curve.

Surfactant characteristics, when a substance is added to a liquid, if it can reduce the surface tension, people call this substance has surface activity. Substances with surface activity are called surface active substances. In terms of chemical structure, all surfactant molecules are composed of polar hydrophilic group and non-polar hydrophilic group. The hydrophilic group extends the molecule to the aqueous phase, while the hydrophilic group extends the molecule away from the aqueous phase to the oil phase, so the surfactant molecule is an amphiphilic molecule. Their hydrophilic groups are composed of alkyl groups, but their hydrophilic groups are various. Surfactants have great surface activity, so they are widely used in industrial and agricultural production and daily life for emulsification, dispersion, solubilization, wetting, foaming, washing, softening and other purposes. The effect of nonion

For those unqualified products that take corrective measures (such as batch or batch unqualified products; customer complaints that cause serious impact; serious quality problems or quality accidents; faults in product development, testing and use), the organization should carefully analyze the causes and take corrective measures to eliminate the unqualified reasons. Execution, otherwise the problem of non-conformity will occur again.

Among the factors affecting the price of polyether amine, the share of supply and demand, product quality (product technical index), production process, supply and demand situation and original supply is more than 20%. Among them, product quality ranks first, reaching 24.56%. The influence degree of production process is 22.12%. The second factor is market supply and demand, accounting for 21.17%. Raw materials affect the price of polyether amine. The degree is 20.43%. The other share of transportation cost, import and export policy is less than 10%.

Polyether amine production industry is at the initial stage. From the perspective of economic cycle, the industry has the cyclical economic characteristics of the initial stage. With the gradual growth of domestic demand for polyether amine, the construction of investment projects in polyether amine production industry is accelerating. This makes the domestic polyether amine production industry stand out for the rapid growth of market capacity, the increase of investment projects, and the rapid expansion of domestic product output.

Amino-terminated polyether is a new material just emerging in the ninth and ninth centuries of last century. It is a curing agent of epoxy resin. The resin cured by amino-terminated polyether has excellent toughness, impact resistance and low temperature resistance. Because of the low exothermic peak during curing, large epoxy resin components can be poured. Because of the low color value of the product, the cured resin can be poured plain. The casting is crystal and transparent. It is also an additive of engine fuel oil, which plays an anti-deposition role. It is also an additive of lubricating grease to improve the wear resistance of engine parts. In addition, amino-terminated polyethers are also widely used in surfactants, water-soluble coatings and binders.

Amino-terminated polyether is a kind of polyurethane spraying material, which can react with isocyanate to form polyurethane because the amino group is located at the bond end of polyether macromolecule. Compared with general synthetic polyurethane, the amino-terminated polyether has the following advantages: (1) the reaction between amino compound and isocyanate is faster than that of hydroxyl group, and the reaction time can be shortened. (2) Polyurea produced by the reaction of amino compounds with isocyanate. The physical properties and heat resistance of the elastomer are much better than those of the existing similar polyurethane. It has excellent stability, durability and outdoor aging resistance. It is widely used in construction under high moisture and high humidity environment, and is welcomed by users.

Using surfactant aqueous solution to improve the wettability of coal particles has important practical significance for the control of coal dust. Non-ionic surfactants, such as sodium o-xylene alkyl sulfonate, have been used in this field. Glanville et al. discussed various factors affecting the wetting rate of coal dust. The results showed that the wetting rate measured by Walket wetting rate experiment was mainly affected by the size composition of temperature coal dust, the concentration and molecular structure of the special surfactant used. In the temperature range of 10 40 C. The wetting rate increases linearly with the increase of temperature. Similarly, at a specific temperature, the wetting rate also shows a linear relationship with the increase of the average particle size of coal dust. To be careful

Surfactant adsorbs at the gas-liquid interface to form an adsorptive film. For example, a frictionless movable floating sheet is placed on the interface to push the adsorptive plasma membrane along the solution surface. The membrane produces pressure on the floating sheet. This pressure is called surface pressure. Surface Viscosity: Like surface pressure, surface viscosity is a property of insoluble molecular membranes.

Sealant is a kind of sealing material which is deformed with the shape of sealing surface and is not easy to flow. It is an adhesive used to fill the gap between configurations and act as a sealant. It has the functions of leak proof, waterproof, vibration proof, sound insulation and heat insulation. Usually asphalt, natural resin or synthetic resin, natural rubber or synthetic rubber and other dry or non-dry viscous substances are used as binders, with talcum powder, silica, titanium dioxide and asbestos inert fillers, followed by plasticizers, solvents, curing agents, accelerators and so on. It can be divided into three categories: elastic sealant, liquid sealing gasket and sealing putty. It is widely used in building, transportation, electronic instruments and parts sealing.

The main structure of polyurethane sealant is carbamate formed by the reaction of isocyanate and active hydrogen. It is characterized by good adhesion to various substrates, excellent toughness, good sealing performance, water and gas insulation. But the performance is poor at high temperature and humidity. Silicone sealant has a structure of siloxane as the main chain, side chain or end group with functional groups, which plays a role in polymerization. Its characteristics are UV aging, thermal aging performance is very stable. But the bonding performance and sealing performance are poor.

In the guess of cable fire-proof coating, the technical path of taking part in aluminium hydroxide flame retardant is selected, so that when the developed cable fire-proof coating is obtained, the coating expands and foams well and densely, forming a fine and uniform fire-proof insulation layer, which can provide useful fire-proof maintenance for the cable. But when the content of aluminium hydroxide flame retardant is 7%, the cable fire retardant coating not only has good fire protection function, but also has outstanding physical and chemical function and clothing resistance function.

At present, chemical flooding is the main method of tertiary oil recovery in China. Surfactants are suitable for chemical flooding. On the basis of practical work experience, many experts and scholars have put forward the following requirements for surfactant in oilfields:

The main structure of polyurethane sealant is carbamate formed by the reaction of isocyanate and active hydrogen. It is characterized by good adhesion to various substrates, excellent toughness, good sealing performance, water and gas insulation. But the performance is poor at high temperature and humidity.

In the guess of cable fire-proof coating, the technical path of taking part in aluminium hydroxide flame retardant is selected, so that when the developed cable fire-proof coating is obtained, the coating expands and foams well and densely, forming a fine and uniform fire-proof insulation layer, which can provide useful fire-proof maintenance for the cable. But when the content of aluminium hydroxide flame retardant is 7%, the cable fire retardant coating not only has good fire protection function, but also has outstanding physical and chemical function and clothing resistance function.

According to the characteristics of surfactants, 9 types of surfactants were selected, 7 of them were selected and deinking experiments were carried out with a single surfactant. Five compounds with better effect were selected. The optimum formulation 3 was studied by orthogonal experiment. The optimum technological conditions were A3B2C1D3 with pulp consistency of 9%, deinking agent dosage of 0.8%, deinking temperature of 50 C, deinking time of 50 min and brightness of Newsprint Pulp of 56.1% after deinking.

Aliphatic alcohol sodium sulfate (AS) is commonly known as K12 in China. Its hydrophobic group is lauryl alcohol or coconut oil alcohol. AS has excellent emulsification, foaming, penetration, decontamination and compatibility, and is an important anionic surfactant of alcohol series. The specifications are powder, needle and liquid, and the varieties are different from sodium salt and ammonium salt (ASA). In liquid washing, AS is often used with AES to make the formulation system more mild and foam richer. AS alone has less detergency than AES, but it is easier to form than AES when used in powder detergent products. Ammonium salts are less irritating and milder than sodium salts. They are often used with AESA in shampoos, shower gels and hand sanitizers.

The surfactants used in green detergents should be non-toxic, safe, non-hazardous, biodegradable and renewable green surfactants. Common surfactants that meet this requirement and have been commercialized are alkyl glucoside (APG), sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate (MES), sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC), sodium aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES), sodium aliphatic alcohol sulfate (AS), aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AE), fatty acid methyl ether. Ester ethoxylates (MEE), coconut oil amide propyl betaine (CAB), etc.

The application principle of surfactant in water-based metal cleaning agent is to weaken or offset the adhesion of oil contamination on metal surface by the properties of wetting, penetrating, emulsifying, dispersing and solubilizing of surfactant, and to accelerate oil contamination from metal surface to be emulsified, dispersed and suspended in lotion by mechanical and physical methods. Solubilizing micelles.

The dilute solution of surfactant obeys the rule of ideal solution. The amount of surfactant adsorbed on the surface of the solution increases with the increase of the concentration of the solution. When the concentration reaches or exceeds a certain value, the amount of adsorbed surfactant no longer increases. These excessive surfactant molecules are disorderly or exist in a regular way in the solution. Practice and theory show that they form associations in solution, which are called micelles.